UK and Germany sign 'landmark' defence treaty

Britain and Germany will sign, what the UK government is calling a “landmark defence agreement” aimed at boosting security, investment and jobs.

Under the agreement the German defence company, Rheinmetall will open a new factory in the UK to manufacture barrels for artillery guns – supporting 400 jobs.

Both countries will work together to develop a new long range missile, and drones.

German maritime surveillance aircraft will also periodically fly patrols of the North Atlantic from RAF Lossiemouth in Scotland.

Labour promised to build closer military ties with Germany while in opposition and this is part of a wider push by this government to reset relations with key European allies post Brexit.

The UK already has a defence pact with France – the Lancaster House Treaty which was signed in 2010 by David Cameron and Nicholas Sarkozy – but this is the first with Germany.

Germany and the UK are the two largest defence spenders in Europe and the biggest European military donors to Ukraine.

The defence secretary, John Healey, said it was a "milestone moment", bringing the two countries militaries and defence industries closer.

In reality the two nations already co-operate as members of the NATO alliance.

In a joint venture they are also building new tanks and armoured vehicles for the British Army, Germany’s Rheinmetall and the UK’s BAE Systems formed RBSL to manufacture the Boxer armoured fighting vehicle and the latest Challenger 3 tank in Telford, Shropshire.

Under the new Trinity House Agreement, Rheinmetall will build a new factory in the UK to produce barrels for artillery guns – something the UK stopped doing more than a decade ago.

The site for the new factory has not yet been announced, but the Ministry of Defence (MOD) says it will support more than 400 jobs and will use British steel produced by Sheffield Forgemasters.

The steelmaker was recently acquired by the UK Government. The first artillery gun barrels are expected to roll off the production line in 2027.

The Trinity House Agreement also includes a commitment to develop a new long-range missile, which the MOD says will be more precise and can be fired further than any current systems – the UK’s Storm Shadow and Germany’s Taurus. Unlike the UK, Germany has refused to supply Ukraine with its Taurus cruise missile.

The UK and Germany will further co-operate on developing drones which might be able to fly alongside Typhoon jets operated by both countries.

German P8 maritime surveillance aircraft will periodically operate out of RAF Lossiemouth in Scotland to help patrol the North Atlantic. Other NATO allies have been doing the same for a number of years.

There is also a promise to bolster the defence of NATO’s eastern flank; both the UK and Germany have already sent hundreds of troops to the Baltic states as part of NATO’s enhanced defence plans following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

Germany’s defence minister, Boris Pistorius, said the agreement will strengthen Europe and NATO.

"We must not take security in Europe for granted," he said, adding that the projects being undertaken would be open to other partners.